LeetCode 876 - Middle of the Linked List

題目

題目連結:https://leetcode.com/problems/middle-of-the-linked-list/

給一個 Linked list,回傳其中間的點。如果有兩個中間的點,則回傳後面的那個。

範例說明

Example 1:

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Input: [1,2,3,4,5]
Output: Node 3 from this list (Serialization: [3,4,5])
The returned node has value 3. (The judge's serialization of this node is [3,4,5]).
Note that we returned a ListNode object ans, such that:
ans.val = 3, ans.next.val = 4, ans.next.next.val = 5, and ans.next.next.next = NULL.

Example 2:

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Input: [1,2,3,4,5,6]
Output: Node 4 from this list (Serialization: [4,5,6])
Since the list has two middle nodes with values 3 and 4, we return the second one.

想法

簡單的想法

當然可以先遍歷一遍找出 linked list 的長度,再從頭遍歷長度的一半,回傳找到的點。

更優的做法

可以利用兩個指標,兩個指標都從頭開始。

一個一次走一步,稱它為 slow;另一個一次走兩步,稱它為 fast。這樣 fast 到達終點時,slow 恰好走了一半的長度,所以回傳 slow 即可。

實作細節

注意迴圈的條件,因為 fast 會一次走兩步,所以有兩個判斷條件: fast != nullptr && fast->next != nullptr

至於 slow 因為走的比 fast 還要慢,因此不需要判斷。

程式碼

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/**
* Author: justin0u0<[email protected]>
* Problem: https://leetcode.com/problems/middle-of-the-linked-list/
* Runtime: 0ms
*/

/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* struct ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode *next;
* ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {}
* ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {}
* ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
ListNode* middleNode(ListNode* head) {
ListNode* slow = head;
ListNode* fast = head;

while (fast != nullptr && fast->next != nullptr) {
slow = slow->next;
fast = fast->next->next;
}
return (fast == nullptr) ? slow : slow->next;
}
};